Converts area, sampling depth, bulk density and initial/final organic-carbon mass fractions into stock estimates and a gross CO2-equivalent difference. This is a simple stock-difference calculation; it does not establish additionality, permanence, leakage, sampling representativeness, credit eligibility or verified carbon removal.

Builds parallel passes over an axis-aligned rectangle using supplied swath width and overlap, alternating travel direction to reduce deadhead distance. Coordinates are in caller-supplied local units. It does not use maps, terrain, wind, obstacles, battery limits, no-fly zones, chemical rules or flight-control integration.

For each field cell, subtracts measured available nutrient from a supplied target and divides positive deficits by an explicit recovery fraction. It reports per-hectare rates and area totals. It does not infer crop targets, validate laboratory samples, account for nutrient chemistry or constitute an agronomic application prescription.

Accumulates simple daily degree-days above a supplied base temperature and combines threshold progress with mean humidity and host availability. The score is a deterministic planning heuristic over caller data; it does not identify a pest, ingest surveillance data, model population dynamics or prescribe pesticide use.

Computes the observed germination rate and a Wilson score interval from germinated and tested counts using a supplied normal critical value. It does not correct sampling bias, test vigor, identify disease or predict field emergence.