Returns carbon dioxide emissions for one or more countries on three bases at once: per inhabitant, per unit of purchasing-power-adjusted output, and in absolute megatonnes, each with its own period and its trend over the requested window. Keeping the three apart is the point. Per capita answers how heavily a person there burdens the climate; per unit of output answers how efficiently value is produced; absolute answers what actually reaches the atmosphere.

Reports the credit-to-GDP gap for a country, which is the deviation of the credit ratio from its long-run trend and the quantity the Basel framework uses to trigger the countercyclical capital buffer. The thresholds applied are the regulatory ones — the buffer starts to build at a gap of two percentage points and is at maximum by ten — and they are returned with the result, because a phase judgement built on invented cut-offs is an opinion while one built on the supervisory thresholds can be…

Returns the outstanding cross-border positions of banks located in a reporting country against counterparties in another, from the BIS locational banking statistics, split into claims and liabilities and never netted silently. The separation matters: a jurisdiction showing large claims and large liabilities is intermediating, not lending, and reporting only a net figure hides the gross exposure that actually fails in a crisis.

Returns harmonised consumer price inflation for several countries over a period, taken entirely from the European harmonised index so the numbers are actually comparable. That constraint is the product: national consumer price indices use different baskets, treat owner-occupied housing differently and rest on different base years, so placing them side by side produces a comparison that looks valid because everything is expressed in percent and is not.